Pressure-controlling apparatus.



W. A. DOBLE.

PRESSURE UONTPOLLING APPARATUS.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE2,1913.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

W. A. DOBLE. PRESSURE GONTROLLING APPARATUSA APPLIUATION I'lLED JUNBZ, 19131 Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

w. 4, @wel WILLIAM A. DOBLE,

0F CALIFORNIA.

0F SAN FRANCISCO, WATER WHEEL COMPANY, OF SAN F PATENT OFFICE.

TO THE PELTON A CORPORATION CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOR RANCISCO, CALIFORNIA,

PRESSURE-CONTROLLING APPARATUS.

Application illed I une 8.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM A. DOBLE, a citizen of the United States, residing in San Francisco, county of San Francisco, and State of California, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pressure-Controlling Apparatus, of which the following is a. specification.

This invention relates to apparatus for controlling the speed of water-wheels an more particularly to devices which var the quantity of water delivered to the whee and include an auxiliary discharge valve for the suppl conduit, the auxiliary valve being move simultaneously with the main valve and in opposition thereto.

In devices of this class which have been heretofore used it has been the practice to make the rate of change of the discharge openin through the auxiliary valve considerably ess than the rate of change of the discharge opening through the main valve and this has been accomplished in the case of impact waterwheeis by making the area of the auxiliary valve or nozzle somewhat smaller than the main nozzle and in the case of a turbine the area of the auxiliary valve or nozzle somewhat smallerl than the combined area of all of the gate openings into the turbine wheel.

The principle upon which the constructions heretofore used have been made is that the auxiliary nozzle should be merely of sufficient size to prevent a dangerous rise in pressure in the pipe-line due to a sudden closure of the main valve. The operation of these constructions is such that when the main valve or nozzle is closed suddenly by the governor, due to a reduction in the power output of the unit controlled, the -governor at the same time opens the auxiliary valve and as the latter has a somewhat smaller area than the main nozzle, the increase in the discharge of the auxiliary valve will be less than the decrease in the discharge of the main nozzle and in consequence thereof there will be a rise in pres? sure in the pipe-line, although the parts are so designed that the rise in pressure will not. be dangerous. At the same time this rise m pressure will interfere with the regulation Specication o! Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 9, 1915.

1913. Serial No. 771,310.

of the unit because the increased pressure augments the spouting velocity of the water through the main nozzle so that, although the area of the main nozzle is reduced a certain amount, the quantity or water discharged through the nozzle will not be reduced in the same proportion. In addition to this the kinetic energy or power in the water is not reduced in the same proportion as the reduction in area on account of the increased discharge velocity of the water from the main nozzle and as a result there is an over-speeding of the unit.

The object, therefore, of my invention` is to so construct the apparatus that these disadvantages of the constructions heretofore used will be obviated.

The principle upon which my invention is based is that of having the rate of change of opening of the auxiliary discharge nozzle exceed the corresponding rates of change of the discharge opening` of the main nozzle. As a result of having the changes in the area of the discharge opening of the auxiliary valve or nozzle exceed the corresponding changes in the discharge opening of the main nozzle, when the load is thrown oflI the unit and the governor closes the main valve to a certain extent and at the same time opens the auxiliary valve` the increase in the quantity of water discharged by the auxiliary valve will exceed the decrease in the quantity discharged by the main nozzle so that there will be. instead of a rise in pressure in the pine-line, a slight decrease in the pressure. This decrease in pressure also causes a decrease in the spouting velocity and energy of the water discharged by the main nozzle, thereby eliminating, to a large extent. the over-speeding of the unit.

The application of my invention also has a beneficial efi'ect on the regulation of the unit` when the load is suddenly increased. In the constructions heretofore used, an iucrease in the load on the unit would cause a sudden slowing down thereof and the governor would quickly open the main nozzle, and as it takes a certain appreciable time for the speed of the wheel to be brought back to normal, the governor must necessarily over-open the main nozzle. This causes the speed of the unit to increase above the normal desired speed. setting up n movement of the governor to quickly partially close the main nozzle and in making this rlos- :ng movement the relief valve is opened.

The effect of thus opening and closing the main and auxiliary nozzles is to produce a series of following naves in the pipe-line and these will set up corresponding variations in pressuie and the spouting velocity of the water from the nozzle, which interfere with the proper regulation of the unit. When mv invention is used, however, the rate or" change in the discharge area of the auxiliary nozzle being greater than the cor responding:r change in the discharge area of the main nozzle, it momentarily discharges a larger quantita of water than the main nozzle and therefore absolutely eliminates the following waves and. by eliminating these waves greatiy improves the character of regulation and materially reduces the time rci'juired for the speed of the unit to become steady: By my invention, therefore, l' not onlyv avoid the possibility of over straining the ripeline and the interference with the speedregnlation due to Setting up pressure waves in' the pipe-line, but l also improve the speed regulation by diminishing the maximum AVariations in speed from the normal and also the time required for hringino' the unit to a steady speed.

he invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings., in which,l v

Figure l is a side View of the invention as applied to an impact Water-wheel, certain of the parte being shown in section; Fig. Q is a liottom `plan View of the auxiliar;7 nozzle shown in Fig. l; Fig. 3 is a view showing lhe invention as applied to a turbine waterwheel` certain of the parts being shown in section.

Referring to Fig. l, 10 indicates un imL pact Wheel which iis mounted on a suitable shaft (not shown?, the wheel being provided with the nsnal huclets 11 and the casing l), The wlw-l is anpplied with Water from the conduit til hiv means of the nii/:ale ll controlled h v the needle valve 15. 'The (conduit. lf3 also his an auxiliary outlet lll proviilwi w ith a nozzle i7 iand controlled liv a needle valve l the valve i8 heilig preteen alilv of larger :ze than thel valve l5 so that eiiial morena-ntsv of these valves Will'etfert greater changes in the area of the discharge opening of the rio/.alo l? than the nozzle 14. The valve i3 is provided with a stern lil nhich extends through a suitable stuffing box 2l). The valve 1S is provided with a stem *21 which extends through the stuliin hoz The stulilmg-l'eox 20 is provided with laterally extending liraclrets Q3 and 24 to which :irr connected the ends of the voke 25. A rod 2li extends through a guide 27 in the ixi'iiw ed with thipiatmrrod fil which carlis the. piston of the dash-pot This lash-pot is pivotallj,v connected with the stem l the auxiliary valve, as indicated at 3f-i. The stem 21 has secured thereto the yolfe the ends of which oneri-'fe the sg'iringfs 3G and 33T carried b v the rmlF-r lt'- and 30, secured to brackets 40 and ll on the stalling-box it will he seen troni li" 2 that when the \alve 1S is opened the springs 36 and will be compressed and the rate of movement of the valve lil regulated liv the 'l all fszffpot 33. The zipper rnd of the leier N., ifi pivotally connected ith the rod .ll as' i rated at 42 and limi,` opper emi gi* ally connecte-tl with ene eno', of the l` the other enfl nl' their links heir r p`- connected with the ai' i4. carried shaft -15 which mav lie monntfzl on th *J5 or anv other auitalile support The er lialso carries :i 'frutal rari i? Wil engaged l'gi a piuma li' The .fi-tha 49 suitable sul,i irried jv shaft 4r? i@ a orteil 'n itl gorerr liv any suiahie connection v hich is all] pi ed to roel; the arm in am" "l" 1 i il' the changers in speed. nl the gene-roer. the lat" nr hiring driven iov the v5 i inf? heel Ffl hv naait-irs of the heli; ."il. ille iwi l is providm'i on il;Y opposite sides@ of the mide i?? with the springs and 52S In the construction ilove lescriaah the governor SO will way-n #hanger in th speed of tin wheel in the nel! manner and Voelt the arm if) :unl oscillante the pinion :zml the The motion o the 11, 'nl tu the arm l and to the lever Jil nml lijf i' nections het.veen th-zVA iowr the l., 15 and 1S these valve-s \r ill lie, moved i taneonslv and ir oppwi as the main valuz l," is openei'l the vnlre l5 will lv ri: ilvfing to the fat tl if is large; than the main ion@ that. the rorrespnntiing l ci :is dif charge area ol the auxiliary valve will he greater than the changes in the discharge area of the main alie. I may also increaee the dilerencrl in the rate of ehnnge of the openings in the valves hy making the arm of the lever 29 which actuates valve ES longer than the arm which actuates valve 15.

Tn Fig. 3 have. illustrated the invention' as applied to a turbine water-wheel proA vided with the casing y54 having an inlet 55 and an auxiliar;7 discharge outlet 56, the latter being cfontrolled by a swinging gate valve 57.l The shaft 58 of the turbine is mounted-"in suitable bearings 59 and carries the water-wheel. The wheel is rovided with the usual valves or gates w ich are controlled in an `suitable manner, as by means of the sha s 60 which carry the arms 61. These arms 61 may be pivotally connectedwith a ring 62V which may be oscillated by m'eans of the links 63 and 64 to simultaneouslyadjust the position-of all of the gates. The links 63 and 64 may be connected with arms 65 and 66, carried by the shaft 67, which may be mounted in suitable bearings and is arranged to be oscillated by means of a governorin the same manner as the shaft 48,'shown in Fig. l. The vshaft 67 also'carries an arm 68 which is pivotally connected with, the piston-rod 69 of the dash-pot device 70, the .dash-pot being provided with suitable arms 71, which are pivotally connected with the gate valve 57.'

It will be readily understood that by this construction the auxiliary valve 57 may be opened 'and closed simultaneously with thev turbine gates and in opposition thereto and that the area of the valve 56 being largerl than the combined area of all of the turbine gate openings, aiid. the connectin link being suitably: plrciniortioned, the c anges in the. discharge through the auxiliary valve will be' greaterl than the corresponding changes in the'eembined discharge of all of the turbine .gates It will be understood that various changes may be made in the details of construction of the apparatus which lwill accomplish the object of this invention, which is broadly to provide apparatus (for causing the main and auxiliary valves t be operated simultaneously and wherein the changes in the dis? charge opening of the auxiliary valve exceed the corresponding changes in the disI` charge opening-,of the main valve, and I' therefore do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction shown and f described.

' Having thus described my invention, what I claim is 1. In'fn apparatus ofthe class described, the coinl'iination of a motor, a main vate .for controlling the supply of motive fluid to the combination ofl an impact "water wheel,

of the discharge opening of the supplemen- 4 tal valve to be opposite in phase to and to exceed the corresponding changes in, the

area of the discharge opening of the main valve. Y

3. In an apparatus of the class described, the 'combination of a motor, a motive Huid supply conduit, a main valve for controlling the supply of motive -i'luid to the motor, a supplemental valve for the cond-uit, and means for. simultaneously operating said valves, said supplemental valve being larger than the main valve, and said means being arranged t'o cause the changes in the area of the discharge opening of the supplemental valve to be opposite in phase to and to exceed thecorresponding changes in the dis char e area of the mainvvalve.

4. n an apparatus of the class described, the combination of a motor, a motive fluid supply conduit, a. main valve for controlling the supply of motive fluid to the motor, a supplemental discharge valve fortlie conduit, a governor, and means operatively connecting ,said valves together and with the governor, saidV supplemental valve being arger than the main valve and saidmeans being arranged' to cause the valves to be operated simultaneously and the changes in the area of the discharge opening ofthe supplemental'valve to be opposite m phase to and to exceed the corresponding changes in the discharge area of. the main valve.

5. In an apparatus of the classA described,

a water supplyconduit therefor,a main nozzleand valve jor controllingvthe supply of motive fluid the wheel, av supplementall nozzle and valve, a governor, a. lever, means connecting s id lever with said valves, and

means operat vely connecting said lever with the governorgsaid parts being constructed and arranged to cause. the changes in the `area of the discharge opening'of-the supplemental valve to be 'opposite 1n phase to and to exceed the corresponding changes in the area of the discharge opening f the main valve. A

6. In an apparatus of the class described, the combination of an impact water wheel, a water supply conduit therefor, a main noz- 'zle and valve for e'ntrolling the supply of motive uid to the wheel, a supplemental nozzle and valve,'a governor, and means operatively connecting said valves'with the overnor, said supplemental valve being arger than' the main valve and said means being constructed and arranged to cause the 4. Y Y Y 1437,96@

valves to be operated simultgmeously and the I In testimony whereof I affix my signature changes in the area of the dlschnrge opening in presence of two witnesses.

of the supplemental valve to be opposte 'm WVILLIAM A. DOBLE. .l phase to and to exceed the corresponding 'itnesses: changes in the aren of the discharge Open- ARTHUR L. BRYANT,

ing of the mein valve. JOHN M. CQIT. 

